Osmosis is a natural process. When two liquids of different concentration are separated by a semi permeable membrane, the fluid has a tendency to move from low concentration to high solute concentrations for chemical potential equilibrium.
Reverse osmosis membrane separation is a method of water treatment in which pressure is applied against a feed water to force it through a semi permeable membrane and separates water molecules from other constituents available in the water. Reverse osmosis (RO) separates the feed water into two effluent streams, a desired permeate (Product) and a higher salinity concentrate (reject) stream. Reverse osmosis is suitable for industrial processes and the production of potable (drinking) water, mineral water